The four-chamber double-acting cylinder is controlled by two switching valves (DV1, DV2) and a two-way three-ported directional valve (DV3), which provide equal effective areas between the piston and rod sides to eliminate the asymmetrical flow, together with the energy storage.
The power of the four-chamber cylinder system slowly approaches that of the two-chamber one at the end of the lift phase. It is inferred that the recovered energy from the high-pressure accumulator is run out of for assisted lifting. Therefore, significant energy saving can be achieved with the proposed system. 7. Conclusion and future work
One chamber is arranged to the energy storage accumulator for energy saving. Other chambers are flexibly connected to the pump ports for variable transmission ratios. Areas of multiple chambers are designed to permit a symmetric single-rod cylinder. Three modes are switched by solenoid valves to expand force-velocity capabilities.
The state of each valve and the effective piston area of the hydraulic cylinder are the same as (3), but with an opposite flow direction. In addition, the high-pressure oil in the C B chamber flows into the high-pressure accumulator to store the potential energy.
There are two ways to store the potential/kinetic energies, including electric and hydraulic energy regeneration systems (EERS and HERS) [ 3, 4 ]. The EERS usually contains a hydraulic motor, generator, electric motor, supercapacitor, battery, etc. [ , , ].
Compared with the two-chamber hydraulic cylinder system, the energy consumption during the structure operation is reduced by 24.9 % (from 15.6 kJ to 11.7 kJ) with the proposed four-chamber hydraulic cylinder system. Also, the peak power of the power source is reduced by 34.4 % (from 1370 W to 900 W).
Type IV Composite Hydrogen Storage Cylinder
In 2002, the U.S. Department of Energy divided hydrogen storage cylinders into four categories: At present, the most mature hydrogen cylinder for fuel cell vehicles in China is the Type III cylinder, which is produced by manufacturers such as Guofu Hydrogen Energy, Sinoma Technology, and Kotec; The IV bottle technology is not yet mature and ...
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Such type 4 cylinders can revolutionize the energy storage sector and can advance mobility to a great extent in the near future. ... 0.44, 0.54) with mainly C14 Laves phase structure were designed and prepared to optimize the composition by an orthogonal experiment. According to the orthogonal analysis, it is found that the maximum hydrogen ...
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